{"id":8977,"date":"2023-06-29T14:18:26","date_gmt":"2023-06-29T07:18:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cloud.z.com\/vn\/?p=8977"},"modified":"2023-06-19T14:40:02","modified_gmt":"2023-06-19T07:40:02","slug":"objective-c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cloud.z.com\/vn\/en\/news\/objective-c\/","title":{"rendered":"Objective-C l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u00ean ch\u1ecdn Objective-C hay Swift \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean iOS v\u00e0 macOS, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa Objective-C v\u00e0 Swift lu\u00f4n thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Objective-C l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Swift ra \u0111\u1eddi. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh phong c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Apple trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Swift l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1edbi h\u01a1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u b\u1edfi Apple v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft m\u00e3.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh Objective-C v\u00e0 Swift l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft so s\u00e1nh hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, t\u00ednh \u0111a h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u1eebng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

Objective-C l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

Objective-C l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Brad Cox v\u00e0 Tom Love v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef C, cho ph\u00e9p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u00e3 C truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Objective-C \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh macOS v\u00e0 iOS c\u1ee7a Apple. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng cho h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Android th\u00f4ng qua framework Xamarin.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Objective-C l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00fa ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1eb7p d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c vu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hai ch\u1ea5m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 Objective-C th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh \u0111a h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong vi\u1ec7c g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2014, Apple \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Swift, m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho Objective-C trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Swift \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng iOS v\u00e0 macOS, Objective-C v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169.<\/p>\n

\"Objective-C<\/a><\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Objective-C<\/h3>\n

Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Objective-C \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 b\u1edfi Brad Cox v\u00e0 Tom Love t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ty Stepstone. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef C \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Brad Cox \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \"Objective-C\" \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \"Objective Modula-2\", m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

Objective-C ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Smalltalk v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef C. N\u00f3 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Smalltalk trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng c\u1eb7p d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c vu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hai ch\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, Apple \u0111\u00e3 mua l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ty NextSTEP c\u1ee7a Steve Jobs v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Objective-C trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh macOS v\u00e0 NeXTSTEP. Objective-C tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Apple.<\/p>\n

Objective-C ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh iOS sau khi Apple gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u iPhone v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2007. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng iOS trong su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014, Apple gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh Swift nh\u1eb1m thay th\u1ebf Objective-C trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Swift \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Swift \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Apple, Objective-C v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169.<\/p>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Objective-C<\/h3>\n

Objective-C c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh \u0111a h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng: Objective-C h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ednh \u0111a h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi C: Objective-C l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef C, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n C hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n C v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n C v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Objective-C.<\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf: Objective-C l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng iOS v\u00e0 macOS: Objective-C \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Apple nh\u01b0 iOS v\u00e0 macOS. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c framework m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0 Cocoa v\u00e0 Cocoa Touch, gi\u00fap l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n phong ph\u00fa: Objective-C c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n phong ph\u00fa, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c framework nh\u01b0 Foundation, UIKit, v\u00e0 Core Data. C\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ti\u1ec7n \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng: Objective-C h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n th\u00eam, x\u00f3a, ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4-\u0111un linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2014, Swift \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Apple, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Objective-C c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong Swift.<\/p>\n

\"Objective-C<\/a><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Objective-C<\/h3>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Objective-C c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n

C\u00fa ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p: C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Objective-C c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1eb7p d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c vu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hai ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng: Objective-C s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0m retain, release v\u00e0 autorelease. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0 \"truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng\" ho\u1eb7c \"r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb\".<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng cao: Objective-C c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 C++ ho\u1eb7c Swift. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi ph\u00ed hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n: D\u00f9 Objective-C \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng iOS v\u00e0 macOS, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb khi Swift \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u, nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Swift. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho Objective-C \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng t\u1ed1t: Objective-C kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng b\u00ean trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba nh\u01b0 Grand Central Dispatch ho\u1eb7c NSOperation.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m, Objective-C v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Swift v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Swift cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb Objective-C sang Swift n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

\"Objective-C<\/a><\/p>\n

So s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh Objective-C v\u00e0 Swift<\/h3>\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t so s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh Objective-C v\u00e0 Swift:<\/p>\n

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  1. C\u00fa ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n:\n