{"id":7958,"date":"2023-02-23T14:18:59","date_gmt":"2023-02-23T07:18:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cloud.z.com\/vn\/?p=7958"},"modified":"2023-02-23T14:19:31","modified_gmt":"2023-02-23T07:19:31","slug":"dns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cloud.z.com\/vn\/news\/dns\/","title":{"rendered":"DNS l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1eeb A-Z v\u1ec1 DNS Google, DNS Server, DNS VNPT"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp website c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh hay tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Internet, DNS nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec DNS c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 l\u00e0 xa l\u1ea1. V\u1eady qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft DNS l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? C\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

DNS l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

DNS (Domain Name System) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n, n\u0103m 1984 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ra m\u1eaft. \u201cCh\u00eca kh\u00f3a quan tr\u1ecdng\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00ed von DNS trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 mail server, web server hay tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t Internet,..<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh danh b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 10.0.0.10. Gi\u1ea3 d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng Internet s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn cho 1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi website, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac DNS trong vai d\u0169ng s\u0129 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP kh\u00f4 khan th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng k\u00fd t\u1ef1 ABC th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n. Nh\u1edd th\u1ebf n\u00ean b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t website n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb www.abcde.com.vn<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, DNS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed von nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n danh b\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 Internet. S\u1ed5 danh b\u1ea1 mang vai tr\u00f2 li\u00ean k\u1ebft, khi ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft t\u00ean th\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0y tham kh\u1ea3o tr\u00ean s\u1ed5 danh l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\"DNS<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i DNS<\/strong><\/h2>\n

V\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean Internet, DNS Google \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng recommend v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n tai nhau nhi\u1ec1u trong d\u1ea1o g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Ngo\u00e0i ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c DNS VNPT, FPT, Viettel nhanh nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

DNS Google<\/strong><\/h3>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng domain \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Internet tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Google. DNS Google c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec7 quy.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2009, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1edbt web nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u01a1n. T\u1edbi n\u0103m 2018, DNS Google m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 DNS c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee7 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u l\u1ec7nh truy xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

DNS Server<\/strong><\/h3>\n

DNS Server vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Domain Name System l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tham gia v\u00e0o Internet. Ho\u1eb7c ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/p>\n

DNS n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. Hay \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n website, chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb d\u1ea1ng www.abcde.com th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi domain v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang c\u00f2n c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m g\u1eafn t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n cho m\u1ed7i domain. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd, ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ti\u00ean mi\u1ec1n ph\u1ee5. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

\"DNS<\/a><\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a DNS<\/strong><\/h2>\n

M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec DNS server ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u00e1y b\u00ean trong ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3 trong Internet.Gi\u1ea3 d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t website th\u00ec DNS Server\u00a0 s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean website n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 DNS Server c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd website \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Internic l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb Internet Network Information Center ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i t\u00ean c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c DNS Server t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft th\u00ec Internic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u00ean t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c National Science Foundation., AT&T v\u00e0 Network v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u00ean c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Internet. Kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, Internic c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c DNS tr\u00ean Server ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean cho t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n

DNS c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd tra v\u1ea5n c\u00e1c DNS Server kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i. DNS Server c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00e1y b\u00ean trong mi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 Internet, c\u1ea3 b\u00ean trong l\u1eabn b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i mi\u1ec1n ch\u00fang qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p h\u1ebft c\u00e1c DNS Server b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i khi \u0111ang ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean b\u00ean trong t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n ch\u00fang qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eady, lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1edb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00ean m\u00e0 ch\u00fang v\u1eeba ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i xong. V\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u1ea7n sau, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00ean ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ee7a DNS.<\/p>\n

\"DNS<\/a><\/p>\n

DNS c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

DNS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch vi\u00ean v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng tin. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP g\u1ed3m 4 nh\u00f3m s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 www.abcde.com th\u00e0nh 421.64.874.899 ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP th\u00e0nh domain.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1n sign in v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t web, vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb m\u1ed9t d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a hosting g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp, th\u00ec b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp t\u00ean website l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00ec lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa server v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 khi n\u00e0o, b\u1ea1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t website t\u00f9y \u00fd ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t email, th\u00ec DNS mang m\u1ed9t tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trang web tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb h\u1ebft t\u1eebng d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP ch\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfm tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3n tay khi ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng g\u00f3p m\u1eb7t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean domain th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c IP nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

Qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n, DNS c\u1ee7a t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i DNS,... Hy v\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cDNS\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
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Dns la g\u00ec<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
dns\u00a01.1.1.1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/td>\ndns\u00a08.8.8.8 l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/td>\ndns\u00a0server tp-link<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DNS server<\/td>\nDns ri\u00eang t\u01b0 la g\u00ec<\/td>\nProtocols\u00a0dns<\/td>\n\n
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Dns tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i la g\u00ec<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

B\u00e0i li\u00ean quan<\/strong><\/p>\n